How to Protect Trees From Winter Damage: 7 Essential Tips

Why Trees Need Winter Protection

Even hardy trees face winter threats: freeze-thaw cycles that crack bark, drying winds that desiccate evergreens, road salt that damages roots, and animals that gnaw bark for food.

Tip 1: Mulch Before the Ground Freezes

Apply 2-4 inches of organic mulch around the base (not touching the trunk). Mulch insulates roots, maintains soil moisture, and prevents freeze-thaw heaving that can damage shallow roots.

Tip 2: Wrap Young Tree Trunks

Young trees with thin bark are vulnerable to sunscald — south-facing bark warms in winter sun, then freezes at night, causing cracks. Use commercial tree wrap or white plastic guards from November through March.

Tip 3: Anti-Desiccant for Evergreens

Spray anti-desiccant (also called anti-transpirant) on evergreen foliage in late fall. It creates a thin film that reduces moisture loss from winter winds. Reapply after heavy rain or every 6-8 weeks.

Additional Protection Strategies

• Water deeply before ground freezes — hydrated trees survive cold better
• Install burlap screens on windward sides of vulnerable trees
• Avoid fall fertilizing — it stimulates tender growth that winterkills
• Use C-shaped tree guards to protect trunks from rodents and rabbits